RANK #916 / 1001 NAT · #33 / 37 VA · POP 432,998
1YR FORECAST: -0.3%
5YR OUTLOOK: +18%
Middleburg, known as America's horse and hunt country capital, offers a glimpse into Loudoun County's distinctive character with its historic buildings and equestrian tradition. Located in Northern Virginia, about 25 miles from Washington, D.C., Loudoun County blends suburban areas with rural landscapes. Commuting to Washington, D.C., is possible via the Silver Line Metro extension and commuter bus services. The county features rolling hills, vineyards, and parts of the Blue Ridge Mountains, providing opportunities for outdoor recreation like hiking, biking, and water activities.
Loudoun County attracts families and professionals, partly due to its public school system, which is among the largest in Virginia. The local economy is significantly shaped by technology and data infrastructure, with a high concentration of data centers. This economic activity contributes to the county's financial health and helps fund public services. While the cost of living, particularly housing, is higher than national averages, residents often have higher incomes. The county also emphasizes community events and a blend of urban amenities with rural charm.
Loudoun County's data profile doesn't fit any single market profile cleanly — its housing, labor, and demographic signals pull in different directions (home prices -0.0% YoY, population +1.4%, wages +2.7%). About 414 U.S. counties show this kind of mixed-signal pattern.
See all 414 Idiosyncratic Markets counties →Overvalued relative to economy
Prices declining
Below-average climate & terrain
Prices detached from rents
Housing looks overvalued at 18.1x — home prices are high relative to local economic output. The typical U.S. county is 4–6x.
Estimated local headcount ranges. Larger employers shown as floor + "+"; smaller employers show exact counts where reported.
Bars show trailing 12-month growth. The dashed Forecast bars are the model's next-12-month projection; the whisker marks the ±1% range (cooling–accelerating).
Source: Redfin · Census BPS — Browse sales on Redfin →
Source: CDC/NCHS vital statistics via County Health Rankings (2020–2022 avg). Rates per 100,000 population. Grade based on homicide rate relative to national average (~6.3). Learn more →
Source: EPA Air Quality System (2021–2023). Grade based on 3-year average median AQI. Learn about AQI →
| PROJECT | AMOUNT | STATUS |
|---|---|---|
|
Google Data Center Expansion (Loudoun County)
Google
|
$9,000M | Planned |
|
AWS Data Center Campus (South of Dulles International Airport)
Amazon Web Services (AWS)
|
$1,000M | Under Construction |
|
CyrusOne Data Center Complex (57.6-acre land parcel)
CyrusOne
|
$500M | Planned |
|
Residential Development Portfolio (Multiple Communities)
Various (Pulte Homes, Toll Brothers, Beazer Homes, Tri Pointe Homes)
|
$500M | Under Construction |
|
STACK Infrastructure 144MW Data Center Campus
STACK Infrastructure
|
$144M | Planned |
|
Microsoft Data Center Developments (Loudoun County)
Microsoft
|
— | Under Construction |
Source: public records, news, corporate announcements. Amounts are estimates where noted.
Bars show percentile rank among all 1001 counties.
The data is not encouraging — Loudoun County scores just 8/100 on the Boom Town Index, ranking #916 of 1001 counties. Job growth at +3.4% and median household income of $181,765 reflect an economy that has been contracting or stagnating relative to the rest of the country.
Loudoun County leans toward the expensive side. A median home value of $743,800 against an income-to-home-value ratio of 0.24 means housing eats a bigger share of local earnings than the national norm. Renters face $2,386/month on average.
Loudoun County is growing on multiple fronts. Population is up +1.4% year-over-year while employers added jobs at a +3.4% clip. Home values shifted -0.0% in the past year.
There's a moderate stream of newcomers. About 3.19% of residents moved from another state, which is above average and suggests Loudoun County has appeal as a relocation destination — though it's not among the highest-inflow counties nationally.