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Frederick County, VA

RANK #794 / 1001 NAT  ·  #27 / 37 VA  ·  POP 95,008

1YR FORECAST: -0.7%

5YR OUTLOOK: +23%

Our model projects Frederick County's housing market at -0.7% over the next year, underperforming most U.S. counties.

[01] Why Frederick County?

Frederick County, Virginia, is known for its historical significance, particularly its role in the Civil War, with Winchester, the county seat, changing hands numerous times. Located in the northernmost part of the Shenandoah Valley, about 80 miles from Washington, D.C., the county offers a blend of small-town atmosphere and convenient access to a major metropolitan area. The landscape features scenic mountains and opportunities for outdoor recreation like hiking, biking, and fishing, notably at Sherando Park in Stephens City. Commuting options include access to Interstates 81 and 66, and ride-sharing services are available for those traveling towards the Washington D.C. area.

Life in Frederick County often appeals to families, with public schools generally performing above average. The community has seen an influx of new residents, contributing to its growth. The local economy is diverse, with growth in sectors such as manufacturing, corporate services, and information technology. Major employers contribute to a dynamic environment for career development, and the area is recognized for its business landscape.

MARKET PROFILE

Idiosyncratic Markets

Frederick County's data profile doesn't fit any single market profile cleanly — its housing, labor, and demographic signals pull in different directions (home prices +0.9% YoY, population +1.8%, wages +1.0%). About 414 U.S. counties show this kind of mixed-signal pattern.

See all 414 Idiosyncratic Markets counties →

[02] Market Snapshot

Housing Ratio
15.3x

Overvalued relative to economy

Home Prices
+0.9%

Below national median

Climate & Terrain
-0.4

Below-average climate & terrain

Price/Rent
14x

Below national median (15x)

Housing looks overvalued at 15.3x — home prices are high relative to local economic output. The typical U.S. county is 4–6x.

[03] Top Employers

  1. 1
    Navy Federal Credit Union Finance
    2,500+
  2. 2
    Valley Health System Healthcare
    1,000+
  3. 3
    Frederick County Public Schools Education
  4. 4
    Amazon Logistics
  5. 5
    FEMA (U.S. Department of Homeland Security) Government
  6. 6
    Trex Manufacturing
  7. 7
    Walmart Retail
  8. 8
    County of Frederick Government
  9. 9
    The Home Depot Retail
    500+
  10. 10
    H.P. Hood, Inc. Manufacturing

Estimated local headcount ranges. Larger employers shown as floor + "+"; smaller employers show exact counts where reported.

[04] Home Value Growth vs National

Frederick County U.S. National

Bars show trailing 12-month growth. The dashed Forecast bars are the model's next-12-month projection; the whisker marks the ±1% range (cooling–accelerating).

The Numbers

DEMOGRAPHICS
Population
95,008
+1.77% YoY
Median Household Income
$97,606
Median Home Value
$386,000
+0.95% 12mo
Median Rent
$1,507
Average Annual Pay
$62,695
+1.0% YoY
Employment
38,293
-2.8% YoY
Income-to-Home-Value
0.2529
More affordable than average
Migration Inflow
4.76%
of pop. from another state
Bachelor's Degree+
31.9%
of residents (national avg: 33%)

Market Activity

REAL ESTATE
Median Sale Price
$415,000
Days on Market
43
Moderate pace
Months of Supply
3.0
Balanced market
Sale-to-List Ratio
99.2%
Near asking price
Sold Above List
26.9%
Listings w/ Price Drops
25.7%
Building Permits (2025)
707
Single-Family Permits
707

Source: Redfin · Census BPS — Browse sales on Redfin →

[05] Crime & Safety

A
SAFETY
GRADE
Homicide Rate
1.9
per 100K · nat avg 6.3
Firearm Fatalities
9.6
per 100K · nat avg 14.8
Injury Deaths
69.7
per 100K · nat avg 76.3
vs National Average
Well below national avg
based on homicide rate

Source: CDC/NCHS vital statistics via County Health Rankings (2020–2022 avg). Rates per 100,000 population. Grade based on homicide rate relative to national average (~6.3). Learn more →

[06] Air Quality

B
AIR QUALITY
GRADE
Median AQI (3yr)
43.7
Good
Good Air Days
66%
696 of 1,059 days
Unhealthy+ Days (3yr)
9
Sensitive groups affected
Primary Pollutant
PM2.5
Fine particulate matter
Yearly Trend
2021
44
2022
43
2023
44
Median AQI · lower is better

Source: EPA Air Quality System (2021–2023). Grade based on 3-year average median AQI. Learn about AQI →

[07] Capital Investment

$1,085M
TOTAL
PROJECT AMOUNT STATUS
Data Center Overlay Zone Development (Estimated)
Various (within CDI-OZ)
$500M Planned/Proposed
Clasen Quality Chocolate Production Facility
Clasen Quality Chocolate
$230M Under Construction
Bartonsville Energy Facility
Bartonsville Energy Facility, LLC (Torch Clean Energy)
$130M Operating
Amazon E-commerce Warehouse and Distribution Center
Amazon
$100M Operating
Foxglove Solar Facility
Foxglove Solar LLC (Urban Grid)
$75M Operating
ZM Sheet Metal Relocation and Expansion
ZM Sheet Metal
$50M Under Construction

Source: public records, news, corporate announcements. Amounts are estimates where noted.

[08] Score Breakdown

Population Growth +1.8% 84 percentile
Income Growth +2.1% 33 percentile
Vacancy Rate 0.5% 92 percentile
Home Price Change +0.9% 38 percentile
Rent Growth +2.6% 44 percentile
Price/Rent 14x 60 percentile

Bars show percentile rank among all 1001 counties.

[09] Frequently Asked Questions

Is Frederick County, VA a good place to move to?

At 20/100, Frederick County faces headwinds that place it in the lower third of the 1001 counties we track. Median income of $97,606 combined with job growth of -2.8% suggests the local economy is struggling to keep pace with national trends.

Is Frederick County affordable?

Housing in Frederick County is roughly in line with national affordability norms. The median home costs $386,000 and the income-to-home-value ratio sits at 0.25, with rents averaging $1,507/month. Not a bargain, but not a stretch for most local earners either.

Is Frederick County growing or shrinking?

Frederick County is attracting residents (population +1.8% YoY) even as the job market softens with employment at -2.8%. Housing values changed +0.9% over the past 12 months. People may be moving here for affordability or lifestyle reasons rather than job opportunities.

Are people moving to Frederick County?

There's a moderate stream of newcomers. About 4.76% of residents moved from another state, which is above average and suggests Frederick County has appeal as a relocation destination — though it's not among the highest-inflow counties nationally.

[10] Similar Counties by Size & Score

York County, VA 20 Lynchburg city, VA 20 Suffolk city, VA 19 Henry County, VA 22 James City County, VA 22 Prince William County, VA 22 Jackson County, GA 20 Christian County, KY 20